Ancient Buddhist Relics in Surkhandarya, Uzbekistan
Surxondaryo is one of the most important regions in Uzbekistan for Buddhist heritage. During the Kushan Empire (1st–3rd centuries CE), Buddhism flourished here, leaving behind remarkable archaeological sites. Here are the key Buddhist sites in Surxondaryo:
1. Fayaztepa
Location: Near Termez
Period: 1st–3rd centuries CE
Features:
A well-preserved Buddhist temple complex.
Excavations revealed Buddha statues, wall paintings, and ritual objects.
One of the most significant Buddhist sites in Uzbekistan.
2. Karatepa
Location: Northwestern Termez, near the Amu Darya River
Period: 1st–3rd centuries CE
Features:
A complex of cave monasteries and temples carved into rocks.
Important pilgrimage site for Buddhist monks.
Discovered inscriptions in Sanskrit and Buddhist artwork.
3. Zurmala Stupa
Location: Near Termez
Period: 3rd–2nd centuries BCE
Features:
One of the oldest stupas in Central Asia.
Used as a sacred Buddhist monument.
Though mostly ruined, it remains an important historical site.
4. Dalvarzintepa
Location: Sherobod District
Period: 1st century BCE – 2nd–3rd centuries CE
Features:
A major economic and cultural center of the Kushan Empire.
Excavations revealed Buddhist statues and jewelry.
Shows the blend of local culture with Buddhist traditions.
5. Kampirtepa
Location: Near the Amu Darya River, close to Termez
Period: 4th century BCE – 3rd century CE
Features:
An ancient fortress and trade center.
Buddhist relics and artwork found at the site.
Originally influenced by Greek-Bactrian and Kushan civilizations.
Conclusion
Surxondaryo was a key center for Buddhism in Central Asia, particularly during the Kushan period. These historical sites are not only valuable for archaeologists but also great destinations for cultural and historical tourism.
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